World Health Organization. 22. Interestingly, this dig also lent evidence to an ongoing chicken-or-the-egg debate of whether we got TB from cows or they got it from us. Over time, the rubbing of the constricted eyelid and especially the eyelash makes the patient go blind. Skulls of pre-historic humans have … Travelers' Health. Cedar Rivers is a community of 100,000 persons in central Iowa. Acyclovir specifically blocks the matrix protein of HSV, thereby preventing release of progeny HSV. مارولأل رصم بونج دهعم مارولأا ايجولوثاب مسق South Egypt Cancer Institute – MCQ Select the best single answer: 1- Hyperplasia is characterized by all of the following except: Dr. Richard Facklam/U.S. Infectious Diseases MCQs 1.Gm postive diplocci are seen on CSF gram stain. a) bacterium. "Alpine Archaeology and Paleopathology: Was Hannibal's Army also decimated by epidemic while crossing the Alps?" (Sept. 21, 2011) http://books.google.com/books?id=WHfEnVU6z8IC, Papagrigorakis, Manolis J.; Yapijakis, Christos; Synodinos, Philippos N.; and Baziotopoulou-Valavani, Effie. " The New York Times. In 2019 alone, the condition, which includes heart disease and stroke, was responsible for a staggering one-third of all deaths worldwide. "The History of the Peloponnesian War." "Trachoma in Missouri." Roberts, Charlotte, President Elect of the Paleopathology Association, Professor University of Durham, UK. People can carry the bacteria that cause leprosy for 20 years or more before showing symptoms, and during this time can spread the disease. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Vol. Rheumatic heart disease is caused by . But the most difficult trick in defining the oldest known diseases may be in how you define the word "disease." Feb. 8, 2010. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/25/national/25rabies.html, Ruffer, Marc Armand. 206-214. New York:Springer. How much do you know about preventing disease? DNA examination of ancient dental pulp incriminates typhoid fever as a probable cause of the Plague of Athens." "Prehistoric Eye Disease (trachoma?) Malaria isn't. Some of the below mentioned MCQs have been asked in the entrance exam (to select Microbiology Lecturer ) … species of Mycobacterium cause, 10. In 2008, a team of scientists from University College London excavated the submerged ancient city of Alit-Yam, off the coast of Israel. Doctors at the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin initiated a cocktail of coma-inducing and antiviral drugs, though Giese's family credits prayer with saving the girl's life. Interestingly, the same problem might have been a major factor in the loss of troops in Hannibal's march across the Alps. So it seems cows are not the killers we once thought. "Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology." "An Encyclopedia of Fairies: Hobgoblins, Brownies, Bogies, and Other Supernatural Creatures." "Bone abnormalities are a strong identification source," said Dr. Anne Grauer, anthropologist at Loyola University Chicago and president of the Paleopathology Association, during a personal interview. If they passed this stage, and the disease descended further into the bowels, inducing a violent ulceration there accompanied by severe diarrhea, this brought on a weakness which was generally fatal. "Cholera." This is because these diseases require a level of population density that didn't develop until humans began living in cities. Cambridge O Level provides learners with excellent preparation for academic progression to Cambridge Advanced as well as other progression routes. Siniscal, Arthur A. Al Arab, Gamal Ezz; Tawfik, Nagah; El Gendy, Reda El; Anwar, Wagida; and Courtright, Paul. Jaundice, a physiological disease of liver is commonly due to . "The burden of trachoma in the rural Nile Delta of Egypt: a survey of Menofiya governorate." But it's likely that various forms of pneumonia have been around as long as our lungs. "Smallpox." A person with an XY pairing of chromosomes is a , whereas a person with an XX pairing of chromosomes is a . Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular parasites. Aboriginal skeletons from 8000 B.C.E. But the circumstantial evidence seems strong. ; Karlberg, Olof; Canback, Bjorn; and Kurland, Charles G. On the origin of mitochondria: a genomics perspective." October 1953. New Research Reveals Britain’s Oldest Ancestor Had Dark Skin and Blue Eyes Known as the 'Cheddar Man,' the discovery of his skin color defied popular belief in Britain. MCQs in Virology Question 1 of 20 Question category: Virology. Where exactly does pneumonia place in this list of oldest known diseases? "Detection and Molecular Characterization of 9000-Year-Old Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a Neolithic Settlement in the Eastern Mediterranean." In leukemia there is tremendous increase in the numbers of, d)both white blood cells and immature cells. c) protozoan . 1997. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted when infected people cough or sneeze tuberculosis bacteria into the air where others can breathe them. But the disease continues to infect 300 million people every year, killing 1 million of them [source: Shah]. 10. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://books.google.com/books?id=z2zMKsc1Sn0C, Hunt, Patrick. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Instead, researchers compared the genes of mitochondria to those of existing bacteria. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/114078/cholera, Eremeeva, Marina E. and Dasch, Gregory A. " Rosenthal, Elisabeth. Other historical speculation has proved equally false: Neither the fossil nor DNA records support the cause of TB as nightly revelry with fairies and the resulting lack of rest, nor is the disease the result of witches who transform the victim into a horse and then ride the victim to nightly meetings, as were once thought [source: Briggs]. c. effective training must include some psychoactive drug use. May 2006. The Ganges River supported population densities large enough for cholera to spread rapidly. 8. PLoS One. During the year of the floods (2008) there were 1,000 deaths from all causes. Generally, the goal of mummification is to preserve soft tissue. 31. Memory loss disease B. A. Myasthenia gravis B. Business Studies One Mark Objective Type MCQs Questions with answers for class 12 CBSE Students.Final exam multiple choice ques on planning in management Phone Interview, Sept. 13, 2010. 121. Niels Bohr proposed the model of the atom that we still learn in school today, even though it's technically incorrect. Take the Block 9 Epidemiology part 2 MCQ's below and refresh your memory on the chapter. Goodwill rose to No. The most ancient of these mummies was dated 1580 B.C.E., and the most recent was the mummy of Ramses V, who died in 1157 B.C.E. The plague contributed to Athens' eventual loss to Sparta in the Peloponnesian War and a long hiatus for democracy in world history. And when anything foreign colonizes the lungs, the most common result is fluid. Vol. Not only is tooth decay the most common and widespread disease of humankind, it is the oldest. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services/. Three-quarters of all cardiovascular disease deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), demonstrating how inequality negatively affects NCDs survival rates. You can do a lot to keep yourself healthy. Because it's a soft tissue disease, the archaeological record isn't strong. 1000/10000 and 3000/12000 C. 1000/12000 and 3000/12000 D. 1000/10000 and 3000/10000 # Primordial prevention,a new concept receiving special attention in the prevention of: A. Briggs, Katharine Mary. No, not necessarily, and to date there has been no modern analysis of Ramses V that could definitively determine if his condition was, in fact, smallpox. b) helminth. Take this quiz and find out. For the purposes of this article, we'll explore only human, infectious, viral or bacterial diseases. Oct. 14, 2008. But researchers make a compelling case for earlier trachoma found in a corner of the world little associated with early diseases: Australia. 2.In CSF of a patient with viral meningitis, the most prominent white cell is usually? "Bones Reveal Oldest Case of TB." At least according to Healthplex Dental trivia, tooth decay is not only the oldest disease we know of, but also the most common and widespread. "The Tenacious Buzz of Malaria." in Australian Aborigines.". PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (PPSC) WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO THE POST OF RESEARCH ASSISTANT (BS-15) (HELD ON 03.03.2019) Test of PPSC Research Assistant also includes mcqs from Computer and MS Office, Synonyms & Antonyms, Direct Indirect, Pair of Words, Idioms, Active Passive Voice from English, … DNA testing of samples from mummies and skeletons can conclusively identify disease. Staying away from germs, eating a balanced diet, getting enough rest—all these steps and others can put you on the road to good health. The New York Times reports that Jeanna went a month between bite and treatment, and was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of full-blown rabies [source: Rosenthal]. New York: Pantheon Books. Encyclopedia Britannica. Archeolog. d) virus. But mitochondria carry their own genetic material -- separate from human DNA -- and these genes look a lot like those of bacteria. Rabies is ingenious: Not only does it infect a host, but it also hijacks the host's brain in a way that makes the host want to bite things. Cholera was on the list. After his own inspection of the mummy, Donald R. Hopkins, who participated in the World Health Organization's Smallpox Eradication Program, wrote of Ramses V, "Inspection of the mummy revealed a rash of elevated 'pustules', each about 2 to 4 millimeters in diameter, that was most distinct on the lower face, neck, and shoulders, but was also visible on the arms." (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1324215/. Nov. 25, 2004. Garrity, George. T or F: According to Diamond (Domestication and the Evolution of Disease), malaria is an active disease whereas syphilis is a passive disease False T or F: Hunter/ Gatherers (Domestication and the Evolution of Disease) Provided an ideal population within which crowd … ECG is used for the diagnosis of ailment of the (a) Brain (b) Heart (c) Kidneys (d) Lungs Answer: b Dengue fever is spread by (a) Aedes aegypti mosquito (b) Common House flies (c) Anophilies mosquito (d) Rodent like rats and squirrels Answer: a Acquired Immune- Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by (a) Bacterium (b) […] Cholera lives in many of the world's water sources, but it's most dangerous when it has an environment in which there are many people among whom it can spread. 81, No.1. In other words, it's very likely that the mitochondria that we depend on for survival are the products of an ancient infection [source: Andersson et al.]. 2002. 10, Issue 3. pp. Personal Interview, Sept. 12, 2010. Long, long ago bacteria invaded a cell. But the most difficult trick in defining the oldest known diseases may be in how you define the word "disease." You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website. 7. 2000/12000 and 1000/12000 B. Most Popular Biology MCQs. In its early stages of expression, leprosy looks much like syphilis and somewhat like psoriasis. MCQ Biology - Learning Biology through MCQs, AllRightsReserved. Online MCQs Prep measures your improvement against the exam requirement and provides you with constant feedback and guidance.... info@mcqsprep.com (092)-300-0890444 Following MCQs are very basic but very important MCQs you must have to master. The Bible passage Leviticus 13:2 reads, "When a man shall have in the skin of his flesh a rising, a scab, or bright spot, and it be in the skin of his flesh like the plague of leprosy; then he shall be brought unto Aaron the priest, or unto one of his sons the priests.". The historian Thucydides describes the symptoms this way: The disease couldn't have come at a worse time. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.utexas.edu/courses/classicalarch/readings/thucydides_plague.html, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. People in good health were all of a sudden attacked by violent heats in the head and the throat or tongue, becoming bloody and emitting an unnatural and fetid breath. President of the Paleopathology Association, Professor at Loyola University in Chicago. Research by Camp and Skrajner (2004) on training individuals with dementia to be group leaders led to the conclusion that: a. individuals with dementia could not become group leaders. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/358/1429/165, Aufderheide, Arthur C.; Rodriguez-Martin, Conrado; and Langsjoen, Odin. http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2007/05/alpine_archaeology_and_paleopa.html, Lloyd, Robin. 1921. But he also distinctly calls it a "disease of the ancients.". They are the agents of typhus, spotted fever, and Q fever. All Important Abbreviation related to Everyday Science in MCQs. So there's no use exploring the fossil record. Public Health Update (Sagun’s Blog) is a popular public health portal in Nepal.It was initiated in 2011.The main purpose of this platform is to share public health updates, information & opportunities for public health professionals all around the world. Tick bites may infect humans with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. When it fixed in the stomach, it upset it; and discharges of bile of every kind named by physicians ensued, accompanied by very great distress. While the Alit-Yam finding is the oldest confirmed case of TB, characteristic lesions have been found on bones found in Turkey, dated about 500,000 years ago [source: Lloyd]. "On Regimen in Acute Diseases." General Science mcqs and Scientific facts MCQs. (Sept. 30, 2011) http://books.google.com/books?id=GyYwAAAAYAAJ, Rupprecht, Charles E.; Smith, Jean S.; Fekadu, Makonnen; Childs, James E. "The Ascension of Wildlife Rabies: A Cause for Public Health Concern or Intervention?" And trachoma is described in Hippocrates and in the Egyptian Ebers papyrus [sources: Siniscal and Nunn]. 2001. The Bohr Model: Quickly Replaced But Never Forgotten. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTHEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOPULATION/EXTPHAAG/0,,contentMDK:20799909~menuPK:2164083~pagePK:64229817~piPK:64229743~theSitePK:672263,00.html, Webb, Stephen. Information about the device's operating system, Information about other identifiers assigned to the device, The IP address from which the device accesses a client's website or mobile application, Information about the user's activity on that device, including web pages and mobile apps visited or used, Information about the geographic location of the device when it accesses a website or mobile application. According to Gerontology Research Group, which gathers information about the world’s oldest humans, Goodwill became the oldest known resident of Michigan on May 15, 2020. The Wall Street Journal. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2005/Leprosy/history.htm, Thucydides. Would having your own clone be like having an identical twin? U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Take the Disease Prevention Test. Cardiovascular disease, one of the 4 main NCDs, kills approximately 17.7 million people worldwide every year more than HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined. b. training techniques worked well with every group except those with Alzheimer’s disease. Hippocrates wrote that fluid in the lungs should be called pneumonia if, "the fever be acute, and if there be pains on either side, or in both, and if expiration be if cough be present, and the sputa expectorated be of a blond or livid color" [source: Hippocrates]. 1998. (Sept. 26, 2011) http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0003426, Hippocrates. Biology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers for Different Competitive Exams, © var creditsyear = new Date();document.write(creditsyear.getFullYear()); Mitochondria are small organelles found in nearly every cell in the human body. And so, as you would expect, the lungs are a favorite home of bacteria, viruses, fungi and even parasites. Is this conclusive? Ronald W. Smithwick, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services/. The closest match was to bacteria of order Rickettsiales, many of which cause diseases -- including Rocky Mountain spotted fever [sources: Eremeeva and Dasch, Andersson et al.]. Everyday Science Mcqs. What is no longer a characteristic of an organizational chart? (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/, Take a Dose of Dickinson: Poetry as Therapy. The first person known to have survived rabies without a vaccination is Jeanna Giese, a Wisconsin teen who was bitten in 2004 by a rabid bat while at church. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality. The University of Chicago Press. 8. A Level Biology 9700 Chapter Infectious disease MCQs: Cambridge O Level is an internationally recognised qualification equivalent to Cambridge IGCSE and UK GCSE. Patients with severe COVID-19 disease have significantly shorter telomeres, according to a new study. Here you will find the General Science Multiple Choice Questions Mcqs are from Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Studies. Edward Jenner, commemorated here on a coin, found that inoculating people with cowpox could build immunity to smallpox. Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events or diseases, and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems. October 2001. Vol. Though there are a few eye diseases that could fit this bill, the skeletons were found in the Australian region in which trachoma is most common today. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1723800/, Amplified Bible. Vol 42, No. Parliament of Japan C. Disease caused due to lack of carbohydrates D. None of these Everyday Science Online Test 2 Mcqs Preparation Practice Questions. Louisiana quarantined leprosy patients at the facility until 1957. And they perform a function essential to human life, converting glucose from food to energy called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, which cells can use. [source: Hopkins]. "Global epidemics and impact of cholera." We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. a. Tay-Sachs b. trisomy-21 c. sickle-cell anemia d. malaria. On the next page, we'll get started with a condition that thrives in close quarters. Around 400 B.C.E., the Athenian physician Hippocrates catalogued the diseases of his world. 37, No. With a 50,000-soldier train, the troops and animals in front would have encountered pristine mountain streams, but those in back would have been forced to deal with putrid and potentially cholera-rich water [source: Hunt]. "History of Leprosy." "Ancient Egyptian Medicine." PSY 501Developmental Psychology Text: Author(s): Publisher: Human Development: A Cultural Approach First Edition, 2012 ISBN-13: 9780205595266 1976. People breathe more than 11,000 liters (3,000 gallons) of air every day [source: Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality]. We've listed 10 of the oldest known diseases, listed in no particular order. This is how rabies gets a ticket to ride. All the best and keep revising. Chronic disease B. Epidemics C. Pandemics D. Acute disease Hershkovitz, Israel; Donoghue, Helen D.; Minnikin, David E.; Besra, Gurdyal S.; Lee, Oona Y-C; Gernaey, Angela M.; Galili, Ehud; Eshed, Vered; Greenblatt, Charles L.; Lemma, Eshetu; Bar-Gal, Gila Kahila; Spiegelman, Mark. The Jamaican fruit bat can carry a rabies virus that can be transmitted to humans. London: British Museum. Whatever the infection, it predates animal life, let alone humans. The river also carried bacteria downstream to infect many others. Misdiagnosis landed many psoriasis sufferers in leper colonies where many eventually did, ironically, contract and die from leprosy due to increased exposure. Bones can tell scientists a lot about what diseases affected past civilizations. Which one of the following is the BEST explanation for the selective action of acyclovir (acycloguanosine) in herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells? Jumping in the river would've seemed like a good way for a typhoid victim to cool off a fever -- though the disease spreads easily through the water. And even without the evidence of a body, genes in existing samples of TB and leprosy bacteria suggest prehistoric origin. Graft versus host disease results when the recipient lacks or has a poor immune system, and the donor organ and recipient express different: a. HLA b. T cells c. … The umbrella term we use to describe fluid in the lungs is pneumonia. Thanks for visiting this site.Enjoy Biology, MCQ Biology - Learning Biology through MCQs, MCQ on Bioinformatics- Biological databases, Multiple Choice Questions on Gram Staining, Multiple Choice Questions on Food Preservation, Multiple Choice Questions on Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata). But remember, we're talking about a disease that existed before animal life. a physiological disease of liver is commonly due to, 7. According to the 2013 Pew Research Center study, who of the following is likely to show the least Internet use? January 1990. Children with leprosy studied at the Quonset huts at the leprosarium in Carville, La. There, they found the buried remains of a mother and her child. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://bibleresources.bible.com/passagesearchresults.php?passage1=Leviticus+13%3A2&version1=45, Andersson, G.E. a) It shows the division of work b) It shows the workload of each personnel c) It reflects the type of work of each staff d) It delineates the groupings according to type of work 23. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.deq.state.ne.us/Publica.nsf/0/8a5e8d86d507721d06256b97005d88ba/$FILE/01-102.pdf, Nunn, John Francis. The Wall Street Journal reports that malaria is responsible for half of all human deaths since the Stone Age [source: Shah]. "Studies in the Palaeopathology of Egypt." Mcqs on Diseases Which of the following are the common bacterial diseases? While typhoid and cholera are fairly straightforward in their aggressive spread through water sources, leprosy relies on another dispersion strategy -- that of dormancy. Anopheles mosquitoes are a well-known carrier of malaria, especially in Central America. Patients with severe COVID-19 disease have significantly shorter telomeres, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Spanish National Cancer Research … That honor goes to the Egyptian "Ebers Papyrus," written in 1550 B.C.E., which recommends, "If you examine a large tumor of Khonsu in any part of a man and it is terrible and it has made many swellings. Unlike in healthy eyes like this one, the eyelashes of trachoma patients turn toward the cornea, eventually resulting in blindness. Pneumonia may be more ancient than TB, but lung tissue doesn't hold up so well after being buried. Researchers postulate that telomere shortening as … Rickettsial (Spotted & Typhus Fevers) & Related Infections (Anaplasmosis & Ehrlichiosis)." A person with an XY pairing of chromosomes is a , whereas a person with an XX pairing of chromosomes is a . show a common skull lesion around the eyes [source: Webb]. The incidence and prevalence of the disease in 2018 are: A. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. Anna, 80 year old According to Baltes, which of the following factors suggests that it is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new … Archives of Ophthamology. 7. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://classics.mit.edu/Hippocrates/acutedis.29.appendix11.html, Hopkins, Donald R. "The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History, with a New Introduction." DNA testing of samples from mummies and skeletons can conclusively identify disease. But while Hippocrates provides the first proof of cholera beyond a reasonable doubt, the disease likely originated along the Ganges River while Athens was still a very young place. 400 B.C. "Another source for dating diseases is genomic data," said Dr. Charlotte Roberts, archaeologist at the University of Durham and author of the book "The Archaeology of Disease." One historical challenge in treating leprosy was diagnosis. a. Tay-Sachs b. trisomy-21 c. sickle-cell anemia d. malaria. Read on to the next page for more infectious articles. Grauer, Anne. New global data analysis highlights the urgency of translating research into practice. British Journal of Ophthalmology. (Sept. 20,2011) http://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712%2805%2900178-5/fulltext, Quadeer, S.A. "Grattage in the Treatment of Trachoma." Claeson, Mariam, and Waldman, Ronald. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.fas.org/ahead/docs/rabies.htm, Shah, Sonia. Trachoma is a chronic infection of the upper eyelid that eventually results in the eyelid constricting and turning the eyelashes in toward the cornea. (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.livescience.com/history/081014-tb-skeleton.html, Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality. University. Smallpox is one of history's greatest killers, responsible for 300 to 500 million deaths in the 20th century [source: Saint Louis University]. A. Jaundice, So the oldest disease isn't really Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever itself, but some unnamed proto-disease with genetic similarity. "Trachoma." 422-437. What kind of staffing is considered the most common pattern and the oldest type? Bible.com. In Alit-Yam, human skeletons showed signs of TB, while DNA from animal skeletons didn't [source: Hershkovitz et al.]. DNA testing confirmed it: Tuberculosis is at least 9,000 years old. Both skeletons showed bone lesions characteristic of tuberculosis [source: Lloyd]. According to the WHO the cases of which disease can rise up to 81% by 2040 in poorer countries? You should not do anything against it" [source: Nunn]. "Air Pollutant Information." So, as you would expect, Egypt provides a treasure trove of information on ancient, soft tissue diseases. "Girl is First to Survive Rabies Without a Shot." "Leviticus 13:2." (Sept. 20, 2011) http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/history/, The World Bank. Over the last 30 years, deaths and disability from cardiovascular disease have been steadily rising across the globe.. Notably absent from this list are some of history's biggest killers, including influenza, measles and the black plague. (Sept. 21, 2011) http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012/chapter-3-infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/rickettsial-spotted-and-typhus-fevers-and-related-infections-anaplasmosis-and-ehrlichiosis.htm. The Romans offered the first cure for malaria: an amulet worn around the neck, inscribed with the powerful incantation "abracadabra" [source: Shah]. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Copyright © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings, LLC, a System1 Company. ***Best viewed in Google Chrome and Mozilla firefox***, d)initiation factors-amino acid activation, 4. [source: CDC]. So nix tooth decay, psoriasis, gout, obesity, rickets, epilepsy, arthritis and other human difficulties that are perhaps best classified as "conditions.". So it's relatively easy to date tuberculosis due to the lesions it leaves on bones.